Michigan vs Minnesota: two economies side by side

Michigan and Minnesota share a border. Here are the two economies on the same measures, with the rank of each among 51 states and DC.

Great Lakes · PlainsMichigan leads on 6, Minnesota on 5 of 11 measures

Indicator	A · MI	B · MN	Ranks
GDP, 2025	$733.9B	$515.1B	14 · 20
Real GDP growth, 2025	+2.2%	+0.70%	20 · 47
Real growth a year since 2015	+1.6%	+1.3%	32 · 40
GDP per person	$72,462	$88,350	40 · 20
Income per person, 2025	$67,245	$78,197	39 · 17
Real income per person (2017 $)	$53,569	$62,039	41 · 14
Price level (US = 100)	96.2	98.6	28 · 22
Housing costs (US = 100)	82.3	91.3	29 · 23
Unemployment, September 2026	5.0%	4.5%	47 · 39
Population	10,127,884	5,830,405	10 · 22
Population growth a year since 2020	+0.11%	+0.42%	41 · 30

Highlighted: the higher value, or the lower one for prices and unemployment. BEA (GDP, income, price parities), BLS (unemployment).

Fig. 1Real GDP, index 2015 = 100Chained 2017 dollars

MichiganMinnesota

Fig. 2Unemployment rateMonthly, seasonally adjusted, since 2015

MichiganMinnesota

Industry mix, 2025

Share of each state’s GDP. Sorted by the gap between the two.

Industry	MI	MN	Gap, pp	Larger in
Manufacturing	15.4%	11.3%	4.2	MI
Finance & insurance	5.8%	9.1%	3.3	MN
Health care	8.4%	10.1%	1.6	MN
Management of companies	1.8%	3.3%	1.5	MN
Real estate	13.7%	12.6%	1.1	MI
Retail trade	6.7%	5.7%	1.0	MI
Professional services	7.9%	6.9%	1.0	MI
Construction	4.2%	5.0%	0.9	MN
Agriculture	0.8%	1.6%	0.7	MN
Administrative & waste services	3.0%	2.3%	0.7	MI
Government	10.0%	9.5%	0.5	MI
Information	2.8%	3.2%	0.4	MN
Accommodation & food	2.9%	2.5%	0.4	MI
Transportation & warehousing	2.9%	3.2%	0.3	MN
Utilities	1.9%	1.6%	0.2	MI
Other services	2.4%	2.2%	0.2	MI
Arts & recreation	0.9%	1.1%	0.2	MN
Education	0.7%	0.9%	0.2	MN
Mining, oil & gas	0.2%	0.3%	0.1	MN
Wholesale trade	7.6%	7.6%	0.0